The term " Augustan literature" is often used for Augustan drama, Augustan poetry and Augustan prose in the period 1700–1740s. The Hanoverian line of monarchs gave their names to the Georgian era and the term " Georgian" is typically used in the contexts of social and political history for Georgian architecture. The campaigns of Jacobitism ended in defeat for the Stuarts' cause in 1746. The "South Sea Bubble" economic crisis was brought on by the failure of the South Sea Company, an early joint-stock company. The relative incapacity or ineptitude of the Hanoverian kings resulted in a growth in the powers of Parliament and a new role, that of " prime minister", emerged in the heyday of Robert Walpole. The early years of the newly-united kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings, particularly the Jacobite rising of 1715. The resulting kingdom was in legislative and personal union with the Kingdom of Ireland from its inception, but the Parliament of Great Britain resisted early attempts to incorporate Ireland in the political union. Queen Anne ( r. 1702–1714) did not produce a clear Protestant heir and endangered the line of succession, with the laws of succession differing in the two kingdoms and threatening a return to the throne of Scotland of the Roman Catholic House of Stuart, exiled in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Since James's reign, who had been the first to refer to himself as "king of Great Britain", political union between the two mainland British kingdoms had been repeatedly attempted and aborted by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The formerly separate kingdoms had been in personal union since the 1603 " Union of the Crowns" when James VI of Scotland became King of England and King of Ireland. The unitary state was governed by a single parliament at the Palace of Westminster, but distinct legal systems – English law and Scots law – remained in use.
The state was created by the 1706 Treaty of Union and ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, which united the kingdoms of England (which included Wales) and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands, with the exception of the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. The Kingdom of Great Britain, officially called Great Britain, was a sovereign state in Western Europe from to 31 December 1800.
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